nucleophilic$53972$ - traducción al holandés
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nucleophilic$53972$ - traducción al holandés

CLASS OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS IN WHICH A LEAVING GROUP(ELECTROPHILE) IS REPLACED BY AN ELECTRON RICH COMPOUND(NUCLEOPHILE).
Nucleophilic substitution reaction; Nucleophilic Substitution; Nucleophilic aliphatic Substitution; Sn reactions; SN Reactions; Nucleophilic aliphatic substitution; SN reaction; Nucleophilic displacement; Intramolecular nucleophilic substitution
  • 1-phenylethylchloride methanolysis
  • SN1 reaction mechanism
  • mechanism
  • A graph showing the relative reactivities of the different alkyl halides towards S<sub>N</sub>1 and S<sub>N</sub>2 reactions (also see Table 1).

nucleophilic      
adj. Nucleofilisch (bij scheikunde- elektronen donor)

Definición

nucleophilic
[?nju:kl??(?)'f?l?k]
¦ adjective Chemistry having a tendency to donate electrons or react with protons. Often contrasted with electrophilic.
Derivatives
nucleophile noun

Wikipedia

Nucleophilic substitution

In chemistry, a nucleophilic substitution is a class of chemical reactions in which an electron-rich chemical species (known as a nucleophile) replaces a functional group within another electron-deficient molecule (known as the electrophile). The molecule that contains the electrophile and the leaving functional group is called the substrate.

The most general form of the reaction may be given as the following:

Nuc : + R LG R Nuc + LG : {\displaystyle {\text{Nuc}}\mathbf {:} +{\ce {R-LG -> R-Nuc}}+{\text{LG}}\mathbf {:} }

The electron pair (:) from the nucleophile (Nuc) attacks the substrate (R−LG) and bonds with it. Simultaneously, the leaving group (LG) departs with an electron pair. The principal product in this case is R−Nuc. The nucleophile may be electrically neutral or negatively charged, whereas the substrate is typically neutral or positively charged.

An example of nucleophilic substitution is the hydrolysis of an alkyl bromide, R-Br under basic conditions, where the attacking nucleophile is hydroxyl (OH) and the leaving group is bromide (Br).

R Br + OH R OH + Br {\displaystyle {\ce {R-Br + OH- -> R-OH + Br-}}}

Nucleophilic substitution reactions are common in organic chemistry. Nucleophiles often attack a saturated aliphatic carbon. Less often, they may attack an aromatic or unsaturated carbon.